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Dudley Leavitt Pickman (1779–1846) was a Salem, Massachusetts, merchant who built one of the great Salem trading firms during the seaport's ascendancy as a trading power in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries.〔Pickman's career coincided with Salem's rise as a trading powerhouse. By the time Pickman's son took over the family interests, many of the town's early trading firms had moved on to Boston, with subsidiary offices in Salem.〕 Pickman was a partner in the firm Devereux, Pickman & Silsbee and a state senator. Among the wealthiest Salem merchants of his day, Pickman used his own clipper ships to trade with the Far East in an array of goods ranging from indigo and coffee to pepper and spices,〔(Essex Institute Historical Collections, Vol. LVII, Essex Institute, Peabody Essex Museum, Printed for the Essex Institute, Salem, Mass., 1921 )〕 and was one of the state's earliest financiers, backing everything from cotton and woolen mills to railroads to water-generated power plants. Pickman also helped found what is today's Peabody Essex Museum. ==Early life and career== Dudley Leavitt Pickman was born at Salem, Massachusetts, in May 1779, the second son of Salem's chief Naval Officer, William Pickman (1779–1815) and his wife Elizabeth (Leavitt) Pickman, daughter of Dudley Leavitt,〔Salem's Leavitt Street is named for the early Congregational minister.〕 an early Congregational minister in Salem, and his wife Mary (Pickering) Leavitt, sister of United States Secretary of State Timothy Pickering. William Pickman secured his son 〔The eldest son of William and Elizabeth Pickman was William Pickman Jr., who was lost at sea on December 13, 1798.()〕 a position in 1799 as a clerk for Chief Customs Collector Major Joseph Hiller.〔(Old Time Ships of Salem, Robert Samuel Rantoul, William O. Chapman, Essex Institute, Salem, Mass., 1917 )〕 After working briefly for Hiller, Dudley Leavitt Pickman left the Customs Service in 1799 to go to sea as a ship's supercargo – business agent for the owner.〔(Pickled Fish and Salted Provisions, Historical Musings from Salem Maritime National Historic Site, National Park Service )〕 Pickman embarked on a merchant's career as a young man. He helped found the East India Marine Society (today's Peabody Essex Museum) of Salem in November 1800. (Joining two months prior was the eminent Salem merchant Elias Hasket Derby as well as Nathaniel Bowditch).〔(The East-India Marine Society of Salem, Printed by W. Palfray Jr., Boston, Mass., 1821 )〕 In 1804 the East-India Marine Society moved to the Pickman Building on Essex Street, which had been specially fitted for the society.〔(The Marine Room of the Peabody Museum of Salem )〕 Early in his career, Pickman traveled to India as supercargo on a ship belonging to several Salem merchants. In his diary of the journey, ''Journal of the Belisarius'', Pickman noted the appearance of the British fort at Calcutta: "Fort St. George is a handsome brick fortification. It appears very strong, but is probably too much extended to make as able a defense as might otherwise be done."〔(Book Extract, The Yankees Have Landed, indiaprofile.com )〕 Pickman kept journals on several of his other voyages as supercargo and then owner, and as its charter required, these journals were filed with the East-India Marine Society of Salem. These early documents show the vast reach of the large Salem trading houses. In 1799–1800, for instance, Pickman noted that the ''Belisarius'' had traveled first to the island of Tenerife, back to Salem, then on to Madras and Tranquebar, India, before returning to the Massachusetts port loaded with her bounty.〔Pickman made several trips to India, and kept detailed journals of his visits.()〕 The following year, Pickman kept the journal of the voyage of the ship ''Anna'', captained by Benjamin Swett, which sailed from Boston to Sumatra and back in 1801.〔 Pickman made his early career out of repeated trips on the ''Belisarius''. Before the ship went to pieces in a gale in the Bay of Tunis in April 1810, the clipper made repeated voyages to India and Sumatra with several captains in command and Pickman acting as supercargo. The clipper ship's voyages prompted Salem cleric Dr. William Bentley to call her "one of the richest ships of our port."〔(Salem Vessels and Their Voyages: A History of the Pepper Trade with the Island of Sumatra, George Granville Putnam, The Essex Institute, Salem, Mass., 1922 )〕 (Capt. Samuel Skerry, the most renowned of the ''Belisariuss captains, died at age 36 after being kicked in the head by a horse.) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dudley Leavitt Pickman」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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